Does the Thematic Hierarchy hold in people with aphasia and across the lifespan? Evidence from the Event Task|Course hero helper

Posted: February 18th, 2023

 Option 1:Option 2:You will create a PowerPoint (or equivalent) of your presentation and add a voice-over.

  • If you are unable to add voice-over to your PowerPoint,  you will create a PowerPoint (or equivalent) of your presentation.
  • Next, you will use Screencast-o-Matic (or a similar program) to create a video recording of your screen and voice as your present the information.
  • Third, you will upload the video presentation to YouTube so your professor can view it. If you choose this option, you will submit your articles as well as the PowerPoint (or equivalent) file and the link to the YouTube presentation to complete this assignment.

Guidelines:

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  1. The presentation must include both audio (your voice explaining the information) and visual (PowerPoint presentation including text and/or images). Videos should not be used within the presentation.
  2. The presentation should include the following three aspects:
    1. An overview of your specific topic and its importance and application in current society.
    2. Theory related to your topic (please refer to Chapters 1 and 2 for theories related to Human Development)
    3. Discussion of development in at least three stages (e.g., infancy, early childhood, middle childhood, adolescence, emerging adulthood, young adults, middle age, elderly) unless written permission was given by your instruction to instead do a deeper evaluation of a particular topic during one developmental period.
  3. The presentation must be 15 minutes long (no more than 20).
  4. The presentation must include information from at least 5 scholarly sources (if used, the course textbook does not count as one of these 5 sources). At least 3 of these should include original research reports typically contain sections with subtitles such as “Abstract”, “Introduction”, “Methods”, “Results”, “Discussion” and “References”.
  5. APA style citations should be used within the presentation. A reference section (in APA style) should appear at the end of the presentation.

Resources:

  • If you do not have PowerPoint, Google Slides is a free alternative.
  • You may need a headset with a microphone to record your presentation if your computer does not have a built-in microphone.
  • Click here for a brief introduction to using Screencast-o-Matic. The program will create a video file that can be saved on your computer and shared via YouTube.
  • PowerPoint 101: Everything You Need to Make a Basic Presentation
  • 10 Tips for More Effective PowerPoint Presentations
  • 10 Tips for a Good Presentation
  • My topic is Bilingual Aphasia . please add pictures and notes to power point. The first article that was chosen in week one is attached.Title Page

    Does the Thematic Hierarchy hold in people with aphasia and across the lifespan? Evidence from the Event Task.

    by

    Sophia Norvilas

    Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the

    Dietrich School of Arts and Sciences and

    Fredrick Honors College in partial fulfillment

    of the requirements for the degree of

    Bachelor of Philosophy

    University of Pittsburgh

    2022

    ii

    Commit tee Membership Page

    UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH

    DIETRICH SCHOOL OF ARTS AND SCIENCES

    This thesis was presented

    by

    Sophia Norvilas

    It was defended on

    November 11, 2022

    and approved by

    Dr. Tessa Warren, Professor, Psychology

    Dr. Julie Fiez, Professor, Psychology

    Dr. Jamie Reilly, Professor, Communication Science and Disorders

    Thesis Advisor: Dr. Michael Walsh Dickey, Professor, Communication Science and Disorders

    iii

    Copyright © by Sophia Norvilas

    2022

    iv

    Abstract

    Does the Thematic Hierarchy hold in people with aphasia and across the lifespan? Evidence from the Event Task.

    Sophia Norvilas

    University of Pittsburgh, 2022

    Aphasia is a neurological disorder that can disrupt language production and

    comprehension, impairing both written and spoken language (Dresang et al., 2019). This condition

    is typically brought on by brain damage following a stroke. Research indicates that people with

    aphasia sometimes rely on event knowledge to compensate for their language impairment

    (Caramazza & Zurif, 1976). However, we know little about event processing in people with

    aphasia (PWA), even though event knowledge supports a multitude of crucial cognitive processes,

    including language comprehension, language production, memory, and perception. One type of

    event knowledge that has been studied thoroughly in linguistics is the entities, objects, and

    locations (event roles) that are involved in events. Linguists have developed a hypothesis, known

    as the Thematic Hierarchy, that some of these event roles are more cognitively salient than others.

    The research I present here uses evidence from a new assessment that measures event knowledge

    (the Event Task) to evaluate whether this thematic knowledge is maintained in older adults and

    people with aphasia, while also examining whether the performance of PWA on the Event Task is

    aligned with the Thematic Hierarchy. PWA (N = 26) and neurologically healthy adults (N = 182)

    completed the Event Task, which instructed participants to identify whether a depicted event was

    plausible or implausible. Analyses showed that the Thematic Hierarchy did not appear to guide

    the performance of PWA or neurologically healthy adults across the lifespan. However, PWA and

    neurologically healthy controls alike displayed the same patterns of both accuracy and reaction

SOLUTION

The Thematic Hierarchy is a framework used in language processing and development that describes the way in which different types of information are organized within sentences. According to this framework, certain pieces of information within a sentence are more important or more “thematic” than others. These more thematic elements tend to be placed at the beginning of the sentence, while less thematic information is placed later.

The Thematic Hierarchy is based on the idea that people process sentences more efficiently when they are presented in a particular order. By organizing sentences in a thematic order, the listener or reader can more easily process the information and understand the intended meaning.

For example, in the sentence “The cat chased the mouse,” the most important information is the fact that the cat is doing the chasing, and this information is presented at the beginning of the sentence. The less important information, namely that the mouse is being chased, is presented later in the sentence. This order reflects the Thematic Hierarchy, where the subject (the cat) is the most thematic element, followed by the verb (chased), and then the object (the mouse).

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