Posted: February 18th, 2023
Option 1:Option 2:You will create a PowerPoint (or equivalent) of your presentation and add a voice-over.
Guidelines:
Resources:
Does the Thematic Hierarchy hold in people with aphasia and across the lifespan? Evidence from the Event Task.
by
Sophia Norvilas
Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the
Dietrich School of Arts and Sciences and
Fredrick Honors College in partial fulfillment
of the requirements for the degree of
Bachelor of Philosophy
University of Pittsburgh
2022
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Commit tee Membership Page
UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH
DIETRICH SCHOOL OF ARTS AND SCIENCES
This thesis was presented
by
Sophia Norvilas
It was defended on
November 11, 2022
and approved by
Dr. Tessa Warren, Professor, Psychology
Dr. Julie Fiez, Professor, Psychology
Dr. Jamie Reilly, Professor, Communication Science and Disorders
Thesis Advisor: Dr. Michael Walsh Dickey, Professor, Communication Science and Disorders
iii
Copyright © by Sophia Norvilas
2022
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Abstract
Does the Thematic Hierarchy hold in people with aphasia and across the lifespan? Evidence from the Event Task.
Sophia Norvilas
University of Pittsburgh, 2022
Aphasia is a neurological disorder that can disrupt language production and
comprehension, impairing both written and spoken language (Dresang et al., 2019). This condition
is typically brought on by brain damage following a stroke. Research indicates that people with
aphasia sometimes rely on event knowledge to compensate for their language impairment
(Caramazza & Zurif, 1976). However, we know little about event processing in people with
aphasia (PWA), even though event knowledge supports a multitude of crucial cognitive processes,
including language comprehension, language production, memory, and perception. One type of
event knowledge that has been studied thoroughly in linguistics is the entities, objects, and
locations (event roles) that are involved in events. Linguists have developed a hypothesis, known
as the Thematic Hierarchy, that some of these event roles are more cognitively salient than others.
The research I present here uses evidence from a new assessment that measures event knowledge
(the Event Task) to evaluate whether this thematic knowledge is maintained in older adults and
people with aphasia, while also examining whether the performance of PWA on the Event Task is
aligned with the Thematic Hierarchy. PWA (N = 26) and neurologically healthy adults (N = 182)
completed the Event Task, which instructed participants to identify whether a depicted event was
plausible or implausible. Analyses showed that the Thematic Hierarchy did not appear to guide
the performance of PWA or neurologically healthy adults across the lifespan. However, PWA and
neurologically healthy controls alike displayed the same patterns of both accuracy and reaction
SOLUTION
The Thematic Hierarchy is a framework used in language processing and development that describes the way in which different types of information are organized within sentences. According to this framework, certain pieces of information within a sentence are more important or more “thematic” than others. These more thematic elements tend to be placed at the beginning of the sentence, while less thematic information is placed later.
The Thematic Hierarchy is based on the idea that people process sentences more efficiently when they are presented in a particular order. By organizing sentences in a thematic order, the listener or reader can more easily process the information and understand the intended meaning.
For example, in the sentence “The cat chased the mouse,” the most important information is the fact that the cat is doing the chasing, and this information is presented at the beginning of the sentence. The less important information, namely that the mouse is being chased, is presented later in the sentence. This order reflects the Thematic Hierarchy, where the subject (the cat) is the most thematic element, followed by the verb (chased), and then the object (the mouse).
Place an order in 3 easy steps. Takes less than 5 mins.